Premenstrual syndrome (known as PMS) involves a variety of physical, mental, and behavioral symptoms tied to a woman’s menstrual cycle. By definition, symptoms occur during the two weeks before a woman’s period starts, known as the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The symptoms typically become more intense in the 2-3 days prior to the period and usually resolve after the first day or two of flow.
Common physical symptoms include:
- Bloating, weight gain
- Fatigue, lack of energy
- Headaches
- Cramps, aching muscles and joints, low back pain
- Breast swelling and tenderness
- Food cravings, especially for sweet or salty foods
- Sleeping too much or too little
- Low sex drive
- Constipation or diarrhea
Mood and behavior symptoms include:
- Sad or depressed mood
- Anger, irritability, aggression
- Anxiety
- Mood swings
- Decreased alertness, trouble concentrating
- Withdrawal from family and friends
