Constipation is an acute or chronic condition in which bowel movements occur less often than usual or consist of hard, dry stools that are painful or difficult to pass. Bowel habits vary, but an adult who has not had a bowel movement in three days or a child who has not had a bowel movement in four days is considered constipated.
Constipation can be the result of one’s lifestyle and diet. For example, not getting enough exercise, not drinking enough water or not getting enough food with fiber can lead to constipation. Constipation is also a common side effect of many frequently prescribed medications. Some common medications that can cause constipation are diuretics, antacids (with aluminum and calcium), narcotics, antidepressants, supplements, anticonvulsants, and blood pressure treatments. It can also be caused by the very medications taken to treat constipation – laxatives.
Some diseases and conditions cause constipation. They include the following:
- Neurological disorders (Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injuries)
- Endocrine and metabolic conditions (Uremia, Diabetes, Hypercalcemia, Hypothyroidism)
- Systemic diseases – Diseases that affect a number of organs and tissues, or affects the body as a whole (Lupus, scleroderma, and amyloidosis)
Cancer (Mainly due to the medications for pain, and chemotherapy. A tumor can also block or squeeze the digestive system leading to constipation.
Clinical Information Related to Constipation and Medical Marijuana
- Gastrointestinal Disorders