United Patients Group Logo
  • Cannabis: The Basics
    • The Plant
      • THC
      • THCA
      • THCV
      • CBD
      • CBDA
      • CBN
    • More
      • CBG
      • Delta-8
      • Delta-9
      • Hemp
      • Terpenes
      • Cannabinoids
      • Entourage Effect
      • Dosing
    • Strains
      • Cannabis Strains
      • Indica Vs. Sativa
      • What is FECO?
      • Rick Simpson Oil (FECO)
    • Your Body & Mind
      • Endocannabinoid System
    • Laws & Regulations
      • Laws & Regulations
      • State Laws
      • Traveling with Cannabis & CBD
      • Medical Marijuana Cards
      • Online Cannabis Recommendations
  • Your Health
    • Sleep Center
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Medical Consultation
    • Pain
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Cancer
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Autism
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • PTSD
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Anxiety
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Depression
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Gut Health
    • Inflammation
  • Guides
    • Buy
      • Concentrates: A Buyer’s Guide
    • Consume/Use
      • The Different Ways to Consume Medical Cannabis
    • Patient Tips
      • Anxiety and Cannabis: A Patient Guide
    • Cooking with Cannabis
      • Trick-or-Treat for Grown-Ups: 5 Rules for Happy & Safe Medical Marijuana Halloween Edibles
      • Eating Meat Good or Bad? By Dr. Veronique Desaulniers
      • View More
    • Pets and CBD
      • CBD for Pets: A Comprehensive Guide to Improving Your Pet’s Wellness
      • Cannabis and Your Pets – Are there Benefits?
      • Treating Pets with Medical Cannabis
      • The Ultimate Guide to CBD Dog Treats
      • PODCAST: Cannabis And Your Pets: What You Need To Know with Vet Dr. Gary Richter
      • Pet Products
    • Grow
      • Essential Nutrients to Grow Medical Marijuana
      • Drawbacks to Canada’s New Commercial Micro-Grow License Procedures
  • Directory
    • Consultations
      • Book a Medical Consultation
      • Online Cannabis Recommendations
    • Trusted Brands
      • Aspen Green
      • MedTerra
      • Cornbread Hemp
      • FOCL
      • cbdMD
      • FORIA – For Her 💘
      • CBDistillery
      • WYLD CBD
      • Eaze California Cannabis Dispensary 🚙
      • ProTren Probiotics
    • Ask the Experts
      • Ask the Doctor
      • Ask the Pharmacist
      • Ask the Nurse
    • Corinne Malanca
      • About Corinne ❤️
      • Videos
      • Audio
      • The Sacred Plant Docuseries
  • Consultation
  • Podcast
  • Blog
    • Blog
      • More Articles
    • Categories
      • Cannabis Oil
      • CBD
      • Dementia
      • Depression
      • Diabetes
      • Popular
    • Categories
      • Edibles
      • Endocannabinoid System
      • Fibromyalgia
      • Guest Blogs
      • Health
      • Hemp
    • Categories
      • Inflammation
      • Medical Marijuana Facts
      • Medical Marijuana Law & Policies
      • Neuropathic Pain
      • Pain Relief
  • Products
    • Capsules
    • Concentrates
    • Gummies
    • Tinctures
    • Topicals
    • For Her 💘
    • For Pets 🐶
    • CBD Bundles
    • Vaporizers
    • Passing A Drug Test
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
    • Health and Wellness
  • Trusted Brands
    • Aspen Green
    • MedTerra
    • Cornbread Hemp
    • FOCL
    • cbdMD
    • FORIA – For Her 💘
    • CBDistillery
    • WYLD CBD
    • Eaze California Cannabis Dispensary 🚙
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
    • ProTren Probiotics
    • The Sacred Plant Docuseries
  • Health & Wellness
    • Activation
    • Organixx Suppliments
    • ProTren Probiotics
    • HEALIX Sauna Blanket
    • Relax Far Infrared Saunas
    • BodyHealth Amino Acids
    • Bio Cleanse Organic Detox Kit
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
United Patients Group Logo

United Patients Group

BE INFORMED | BE WELL

  • Cannabis: The Basics
        • The Plant
          • THC
          • THCA
          • THCV
          • CBD
          • CBDA
          • CBN
        • More
          • CBG
          • Delta-8
          • Delta-9
          • Hemp
          • Terpenes
          • Cannabinoids
          • Entourage Effect
          • Dosing
        • Your Body & Mind
          • Endocannabinoid System
        • Laws & Regulations
          • Laws & Regulations
          • State Laws
          • Traveling with Cannabis & CBD
          • Medical Marijuana Cards
          • Online Cannabis Recommendations
        • Strains
          • Cannabis Strains
          • Indica Vs. Sativa
          • What is FECO?
          • Rick Simpson Oil (FECO)
  • Your Health
    • Sleep Center
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Medical Consultation
    • Pain
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Cancer
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Autism
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • PTSD
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Anxiety
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Depression
      • Overview
      • Products
      • Book a Consultation
    • Gut Health
    • Inflammation
  • Guides
        • Buy
          • Concentrates: A Buyer’s Guide
        • Grow
          • Essential Nutrients to Grow Medical Marijuana
          • Drawbacks to Canada’s New Commercial Micro-Grow License Procedures
        • Consume/Use
          • The Different Ways to Consume Medical Cannabis
        • Patient Tips
          • Anxiety and Cannabis: A Patient Guide
        • Cooking with Cannabis
          • Trick-or-Treat for Grown-Ups: 5 Rules for Happy & Safe Medical Marijuana Halloween Edibles
          • Eating Meat Good or Bad? By Dr. Veronique Desaulniers
          • View More
        • Pets and CBD
          • CBD for Pets: A Comprehensive Guide to Improving Your Pet’s Wellness
          • Cannabis and Your Pets – Are there Benefits?
          • Treating Pets with Medical Cannabis
          • The Ultimate Guide to CBD Dog Treats
          • PODCAST: Cannabis And Your Pets: What You Need To Know with Vet Dr. Gary Richter
          • Pet Products
  • Directory
        • Trusted Brands
          • Aspen Green
          • MedTerra
          • Cornbread Hemp
          • FOCL
          • cbdMD
          • FORIA - For Her 💘
          • CBDistillery
          • WYLD CBD
          • Eaze California Cannabis Dispensary 🚙
          • ProTren Probiotics
        • Consultations
          • Book a Medical Consultation
          • Online Cannabis Recommendations
        • Female Doctor
        • Ask the Experts
          • Ask the Doctor
          • Ask the Pharmacist
          • Ask the Nurse
        • corinne malanca
        • Corinne Malanca
          • About Corinne ❤️
          • Videos
          • Audio
          • The Sacred Plant Docuseries
  • Consultation
  • Podcast
  • Blog
        • Latest Articles

          • Cannabis and COVID-19: Can Medical Cannabis Help Support Immune Health?
          • Autistic Child with MomA Family’s Guide to Nurturing and Supporting Your Autistic Child
        • Blog
          • More Articles
        • Categories
          • Cannabis Oil
          • CBD
          • Dementia
          • Depression
          • Diabetes
          • Popular
        • Categories
          • Edibles
          • Endocannabinoid System
          • Fibromyalgia
          • Guest Blogs
          • Health
          • Hemp
        • Categories
          • Inflammation
          • Medical Marijuana Facts
          • Medical Marijuana Law & Policies
          • Neuropathic Pain
          • Pain Relief
  • Products
    • Capsules
    • Concentrates
    • Gummies
    • Tinctures
    • Topicals
    • For Her 💘
    • For Pets 🐶
    • CBD Bundles
    • Vaporizers
    • Passing A Drug Test
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
    • Health and Wellness
  • Trusted Brands
    • Aspen Green
    • MedTerra
    • Cornbread Hemp
    • FOCL
    • cbdMD
    • FORIA - For Her 💘
    • CBDistillery
    • WYLD CBD
    • Eaze California Cannabis Dispensary 🚙
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
    • ProTren Probiotics
    • The Sacred Plant Docuseries
  • Health & Wellness
    • Activation
    • Organixx Suppliments
    • ProTren Probiotics
    • HEALIX Sauna Blanket
    • Relax Far Infrared Saunas
    • BodyHealth Amino Acids
    • Bio Cleanse Organic Detox Kit
    • Online Cannabis Recommendations
Home > Blog

Cannabinoids Part 3: What are Terpenes and Why Are They Important for Health?

September 16, 2016  |  John Malanca

September 16, 2016 by John Malanca

Article Topics

  • **SEE SURVEY BELOW**
    • What is a Terpene and Why Should I Care?
    • The Entourage Effect
    • 5 Common Terpenes in Cannabis and What They Do
    • 1) Pinene
    • 2) Myrcene
    • 3) Limonene
    • 4) Linalool
    • 5) Humulene

Woman Holding An Hemp FlowerAs a superfood, cannabis shares a lot of the same healing substances that other healing plants do. For example, cannabis contains phytonutrients just like sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts and resveratrol-heavy dark berries do. What sets cannabis apart, however, is the fact that, when it comes to healing, it is a true chameleon in the best sense of the word. The reason why it has such an effect on so many conditions is due in large part to the presence of terpenes within the plant and how these terpenes interact not only with other substances in the plant but with our own bodies through the endocannabinoid system.

**SEE SURVEY BELOW**

What is a Terpene and Why Should I Care?

Terpenes are what creates the unique aromatics of certain plants and gives them their “signature smell” and are the basis for essential oils therapy, another powerful healing modality. Citrus fruits, for example, smell the way they do because of the limonene, a type of terpene that occurs within them. Plants use terpenes to protect themselves from destructive insects, grazing animals, fungus and other harmful invaders. As essential nutritional substances, humans need terpenes as well to maintain health. Why do you think that nutritionists and doctors have proclaimed that the healthiest diet in the world is the Mediterranean diet? In part, it has to do with the terpene levels common in these foods.  Pinene can be found in pine nuts, caryophyllen in oregano and peppers and limonene in lemon zest. Because the Standard American Diet (SAD) is lacking in so many essential terpene substances, this is causing a deficiency in terpenes in most humans.

True to form, the cannabis plant does not just settle for one or two kinds of terpene to express, like rosemary or lavender does. Scientists, researchers andCannabis plant at flowering stage growers have discovered over 200 kinds of terpenes in cannabis; some give off a unique odor and some do not. Of course, as growers and consumers get more specific in what kind of plants they want and need, the number of terpene combinations (i.e. strains) increases.

So why should you care about terpenes in cannabis? For two reasons. One, terpenes can modify the impact that THC has on your body and certain terpenes will enhance the potency. The presence of the myrcene terpene, for example, is why eating mangos an hour or so before using cannabis can result in a stronger THC effect. The second reason is that it is often the kind of terpenes within the plant that correlates with specific healing effects on disease conditions.  If you want to be targeted in healing your particular condition with cannabis, you will want to know what kinds of terpenes are in the marijuana you are currently using or are considering.

The Entourage Effect

PHOTO CREDIT - Raphael-Mechoulam
PHOTO CREDIT – Raphael-Mechoulam

The “Entourage Effect” in cannabis therapy is the science of how terpenes and cannabinoids combine together to treat specific diseases and conditions. The concept (and the phrase) was introduced in the late 1990’s by S. Ben-Shabat and Raphael Mechoulam of Hebrew University of Jerusalem. There are dozens of ways in which terpenes interplay with cannabinoids as part of this effect. One big way, for example, is how terpenes can block certain cannabinoid receptors in the brain while promoting binding in other receptors.

There are over 400 chemical compounds in a typical cannabis plant so while terpenes aren’t the only factors in determining a particular effect, they are definitely a major substance to consider and work with for targeted healing. Other substances that play a part in the overall “Entourage Effect” include esters, lactones, ketones, fatty acids, alcohols and steroids, just to name a few.

5 Common Terpenes in Cannabis and What They Do

Research is constantly evolving when it comes to medicinal cannabis in general, and especially when it comes to terpenes. The five kinds of terpenes and their corresponding conditions listed below are some of the most well-known so far:

1) Pinene

Pine Cones On Branches With Holiday BackgroundPinene derives its name from its “piney” scent. The most common form of vegetation this terpene can be found in is, of course, pine trees. It is also found in high amounts in turpentine, rosemary and cannabis.  Pinene is significant for the endocannabinoid system because it forms the basis for the CB2 ligand, according to a study published in the British Journal of Pharmacology in 2011.  Other studies show that pinene is beneficial for respiratory conditions, pain relief, calming inflammatory responses, and for fighting cancer. It also appears to play a role in memory retention. Several studies have linked improved memory retention in Alzheimer’s patients to THC in certain marijuana strains. Some speculate that the way in which pinene and THC works together plays an important part in this particular effect.

2) Myrcene

Mangoes Background - Mango FruitMyrcene acts as a calming agent for the body; as such it is a helpful substance for fighting insomnia. It also determines how much THC will eventually arrive and “lock in” to our neuro-receptors. Some theorize that this is done through myrcene’s ability to change the permeability of cellular membranes in order to allow THC and CBD to leave the bloodstream. Myrcene is also vital for the formation of other terpenes. It is found in high concentrations in hops, mangoes, sweet basil and cannabis. One of the most important therapeutic benefits of myrcene is its use as an antibiotic (it helps to catalyze this potential in other terpenes it comes into contact with as well). It is also an analgesic, anti-spasmodic, antibacterial, can assist in balancing diabetic conditions, can aid in soothing inflammatory responses and shows promise as an inhibitor of cellular mutations like cancer.

3) Limonene

Fresh lemonsLimonene is most known for its presence in citrus fruit and for its one-of-a-kind tangy-bitter odor and taste. Besides being found in high amounts in fruits like lemon, orange and grapefruit, it can also be found in many different strains of cannabis. Limonene is a powerful healer by itself and also has a great effect as part of the “Entourage” for cannabis therapy. Therapeutic effects include digestive relief, anti-fungal, a natural treatment for anxiety and depression, and a powerful stimulator for the immune system. This last effect makes it a powerful ally in healing cancer, something that scientists have been studying for years.

4) Linalool

Lavender flower violet Lavender flowers in nature with copy space LavandulaLinalool is a terpene that is most known for its presence in the relaxing herb lavender, which has been used as a sleep aid for thousands of years. Linalool is also vital for the production of many essential elements in the body, including vitamin E. Besides its ability to calm the nervous system for stress reduction, Linalool is known as an anti-inflammatory. It has also shown promise as an anti-seizure/anti-convulsive agent. A 2010 Brazilian study of three types of linalool terpenes in mice found that all three helped dissipate convulsive responses. Could the presence of linalool in some strains of cannabis add to its known effectiveness for pediatric seizures and seizures in adults? Hopefully time (and research) will tell.

5) Humulene

Beer brewing ingredients Hop in bag and wheat ears on wooden craHumulene is most prominently found in hops as well as sage, ginseng and cannabis. Humulene is a sesquiterpene and, as such, is a powerfully healing substance. Like many terpenes, it also has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It has shown to be an appetite suppressant and can help with allergies.  Humulene may also have an effect on promoting cancer cell apoptosis (cell death) through something called the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). More studies are needed to determine just how humulene affects this process to help fight cancer.

So there you have it, yet another component of the miraculous healing plant called cannabis. As this series comes to an end, we hope that you now have a better understanding of how cannabis works with the body through the endocannabinoid system as well as how the various substances — namely THC, CBD and terpenes—work together to create balance and healing in your body.

UnitedPatientsGroup logo

Related posts:

  1. The Natural Benefits of Black Pepper Oil in Fighting Dis-Ease Sometimes, if you look close enough, you can find tiny......
  2. Apoptosis: What is it and what is the role of cannabinoids? By now you have probably heard a story or two...
  3. How Cannabis Helps Treat Breast Cancer By Dr. Veronique Desaulniers For thousands of years, cannabis has been used the world...
Share this Article
Get the Latest Information About Medical Cannabis, CBD and Product Discounts.

Signup and receive the latest research, articles, product discounts, and product samples.
UPG Newsletter Sign Up

Science and Cannabis Lab

Filed Under: cannabinoid, Popular, Terpenes Tagged With: alcohols, Alzheimer’s patients, analgesic, anti-spasmodic, antibacterial, British Journal of Pharmacology, Cancer Fighter, cannabinoid receptors, cannabis, Cannabis Strains, caryophyllen, citrus fruits, Donald Trump, Endocannabinoid System, esters, Ethan Russo, fatty acids, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hilary Clinton, Humulene, ketones, lactones, Limonene, Linalool, mangos, Mediterranean diet, myrcene, phytonutrients, pine nuts, Raphael Mechoulam, Reactive Oxygen Species, S. Ben-Shabat, Standard American Diet, steroids, Terpene, terpenes, The Entourage Effect, United Patients Group

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Laurie says

    September 23, 2016 at 4:33 am

    I did not know that about mangos and THC, interesting fact. I actually find all of this fascinating, as I love to learn new things. Your 3 part post has been very informative – thank you so much for sharing!

Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. Laurie says

    September 23, 2016 at 4:33 am

    I did not know that about mangos and THC, interesting fact. I actually find all of this fascinating, as I love to learn new things. Your 3 part post has been very informative – thank you so much for sharing!

Recommended Products
View All
Bio Cleanse Organic Detox Kit
Bio Cleanse Organic Detox Kit
Coupon: 5off (Save 5$ Off%)
Price: $78.00
Price: $74.10
Buy Now
BodyHealth: Nu Cell
BodyHealth: Nu Cell
Price: $49.95
Buy Now
BodyHealth: Perfect Amino Powder
BodyHealth: Perfect Amino Powder
Price: $43.95
Buy Now
BodyHealth: Perfect Amino Tablets
BodyHealth: Perfect Amino Tablets
Price: $43.95
Buy Now
Passion Fruit CBD + THC Gummies
Passion Fruit CBD + THC Gummies
Price: $60.00
Buy Now
Condition Hubs
Sleep
View
Pain
View
Cancer
View
Autism
View
PTSD
View
Anxiety
View
Depression
View
Related Articles
This Is Why HHC Products Are Never Going Out of Trend
This Is Why HHC Products Are Never Going Out of Trend
This Is Why HHC Products Are Never Going Out of...
Understanding the 4 Major Differences Between CBD and THC
Understanding the 4 Major Differences Between CBD and THC
Understanding the 4 Major Differences Between CBD and THC CBD...
Cannabis Oil Treatments for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Having Success Treating COPD
COPD is the often used term for “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,”...
What to do if you have an Autoimmune Disease: A Beginner’s Guide
What to do if you have an Autoimmune Disease: A Beginner’s Guide
Introduction You’re exhausted. You have joint pain, muscle aches, or...
Learn Whether Cannabis Alleviates Symptoms of Depression
Learn Whether Cannabis Alleviates Symptoms of Depression
Depression is a common mental health disorder affecting millions of...
PharmD Discusses: Cannabis and Blood Thinners
PharmD Discusses: Cannabis and Blood Thinners
Cannabis combined with blood thinning medications has become an increasing concern as Medical and Adult-Use cannabis are being legalized across the country. The fastest growing groups of Cannabis users are those 60+ years old.
Related Podcast
Cannabis in Nursing Homes. Is it Legal? with Attorney Alan Horowitz
Cannabis in Nursing Homes. Is it Legal? with Attorney Alan Horowitz
The Secret Behind Ryan’s Law: California Pharmacists Fight for End of Life Cannabis Access
The Secret Behind Ryan’s Law: California Pharmacists Fight for End of Life Cannabis Access
Cannabis as Medicine: One Patient’s Story With Dr. Gary Simmons
Cannabis as Medicine: One Patient’s Story With Dr. Gary Simmons
From Last Bad Day to Rippling Kindness: The Accident that Could have Ended Everything
From Last Bad Day to Rippling Kindness: The Accident that Could have Ended Everything
Weedgets – MAZE-X Pipe: A Healthier Way to Smoke
Weedgets – MAZE-X Pipe: A Healthier Way to Smoke
John meets with Weedgets founder Michael Barenboym as he discusses...
Discover How POLY-MVA is Revolutionizing Cancer and Chronic Disease Treatments!
Discover How POLY-MVA is Revolutionizing Cancer and Chronic Disease Treatments!
Join John Malanca as he sits down with Al Sanchez,...

Footer

All information provided on United Patients Group’s Website is provided for information purposes only and should not replace the opinion of a certified medical professional.


Read Disclaimer

LEARN

  • CBD
  • Cooking with Cannabis
  • Guide to Medical Marijuana
  • THC
  • Traveling with Marijuana
  • Ways to Consume Cannabis
  • More

HEALTH

  • Anxiety
  • Ask the Doctor
  • Autism
  • Depression
  • Pain
  • Sleep

PRODUCTS

  • Capsules
  • Concentrates
  • Gummies
  • Tinctures
  • Topicals
  • More
  • About
  • Advertising
  • Terms
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact
  • Press Release
  • Donate

© Copyright 2022. All Rights Reserved. United Patients Group. Powered by: Malanca Digital: Cannabis Marketing Agency

Get the Latest Information About Medical Cannabis, CBD and Product Discounts.

Signup and receive the latest research, articles, product discounts, and product samples. 

Cannabis Nurse Approved Autism Cannabis Patient Handbook

weed

Subscribe To Our Podcasts:

Apple Podcasts Apple Podcasts
Spotify Spotify
Google Podcasts Google Podcasts
Stitcher Stitcher
TuneIn TuneIn
Overcast Overcast
Pocket Cast Pocket Cast
Castro Castro
Castbox Castbox
Podchaser Podchaser
Podcast Addict Podcast Addict
Deezer Deezer
Listen Notes Listen Notes
RSS Feed RSS Feed

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]

weed

Subscribe To Our Podcasts:

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Sponsor

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text][get_sponsors][/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_raw_html]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[/vc_raw_html][/vc_column][/vc_row]

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_raw_html]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[/vc_raw_html][/vc_column][/vc_row]

[vc_row][vc_column el_class=”corinne”][vc_column_text]

In Loving Memory of Corinne Malanca

I am deeply saddened to share the news that my best friend, my wife, my business partner….

READ MORE

[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]