Angina pectoris, also known as stable angina, is the medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease. It occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t get as much blood as it needs. This usually happens because one or more of the heart’s arteries is narrowed or blocked, also called ischemia.
Angina usually causes uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest. You may also feel the discomfort in your neck, jaw, shoulder, back or arm. (Many types of chest discomfort- like heartburn, lung infection or inflammation – aren‘t related to angina.)
Angina often occurs when the heart muscle itself needs more blood than it is getting, for example, during times of physical activity or strong emotions. Severely narrowed arteries may allow enough blood to reach the heart when the demand for oxygen is low, such as when you’re sitting. But, with physical exertion—like walking up a hill or climbing stairs—the heart works harder and needs more oxygen.
Common symptoms of angina pectoris include:
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Profuse sweating
- Anxiety
Risk factors for angina pectoris include:
- Being overweight
- Having a history of heart disease or diabetes
- Having high cholesterol or high blood pressure
- Smoking
- Not exercising